It depends if your company is a SME or MNC. SME usually the hiring manager or HR will likely call and check and ask about reason for leaving etc. For government sector this is also very common, they will ask/inform u before doing that.

As for MNC, they will hire a background screening vendor to do it, and it will be likely based on overseas so they will just verify your employment history with HR or your payslip.

This is my opinion after reading alot about it.